Lake Acraman Crater

Submitted: Thursday, Nov 30, 2006 at 17:33
ThreadID: 39927 Views:7468 Replies:1 FollowUps:7
This Thread has been Archived
A few weeks ago someone made enquiries about Lake Acraman in South Australia, I have been doing a lot of research about it and it's effects in the Flinders Ranges some 400 Klm to the East, I have this Data from a web site that will give you an idea of what it would have been like if one were 300 klm from the site on that day 578 m/y/a, This site is on my must do list,
Please excuse me for the Toyota comment down the botton, Could not resist.

Remember this was a medium size Chicxulub was aprox' 10klm ,
my entry of 20kp/sec is between the known ranges of 11.5kp/sec and 27kp/sec

Please note: the results below are estimates based on current (limited) understanding of the impact process and come with large uncertainties;

Your Inputs:
Distance from Impact: 300.00 km = 186.30 miles
Projectile Diameter: 4800.00 m = 15744.00 ft = 2.98 miles
Projectile Density: 8000 kg/m3
Impact Velocity: 20.00 km/s = 12.42 miles/s
Impact Angle: 48 degrees....my guess only
Target Density: 2500 kg/m3
Target Type: Sedimentary Rock
Energy:
Energy before atmospheric entry: 9.26 x 1022 Joules = 2.21 x 107 MegaTons TNT
The average interval between impacts of this size somewhere on Earth during the last 4 billion years is 5.0 x 107years
Major Global Changes:
The Earth is not strongly disturbed by the impact and loses negligible mass.
The impact does not make a noticeable change in the Earth's rotation period or the tilt of its axis.
The impact does not shift the Earth's orbit noticeably.

Crater Dimensions:
What does this mean?

Transient Crater Diameter: 54.5 km = 33.8 miles
Transient Crater Depth: 19.3 km = 12 miles

Final Crater Diameter: 92.1 km = 57.2 miles
Final Crater Depth: 1.15 km = 0.717 miles
The crater formed is a complex crater.
The volume of the target melted or vaporized is 612 km3 = 147 miles3
Roughly half the melt remains in the crater , where its average thickness is 263 meters = 863 feet
Thermal Radiation:
What does this mean?
Time for maximum radiation: 4.53 seconds after impact
Visible fireball radius: 83.4 km = 51.8 miles
The fireball appears 63.2 times larger than the sun
Thermal Exposure: 4.42 x 108 Joules/m2
Duration of Irradiation: 1180 seconds
Radiant flux (relative to the sun): 376

Effects of Thermal Radiation:
Clothing ignites
Much of the body suffers third degree burns
Newspaper ignites
Plywood flames
Deciduous trees ignite
Grass ignites

Seismic Effects:
What does this mean?
The major seismic shaking will arrive at approximately 60 seconds.
Richter Scale Magnitude: 9.5 (This is greater than any earthquake in recorded history)
Mercalli Scale Intensity at a distance of 300 km:

VII. Damage negligible in buildings of good design and construction; slight to moderate in well-built ordinary structures; considerable damage in poorly built or badly designed structures; some chimneys broken.

VIII. Damage slight in specially designed structures; considerable damage in ordinary substantial buildings with partial collapse. Damage great in poorly built structures. Fall of chimneys, factory stacks, columns, monuments, walls. Heavy furniture overturned.

Ejecta:
What does this mean?
The ejecta will arrive approximately 254 seconds after the impact.
Average Ejecta Thickness: 2.91 m = 9.54 ft
Mean Fragment Diameter: 3.38 cm = 1.33 inches

Air Blast:
What does this mean?
The air blast will arrive at approximately 909 seconds.
Peak Overpressure: 610000 Pa = 6.1 bars = 86.6 psi
Max wind velocity: 576 m/s = 1290 mph
Sound Intensity: 116 dB (May cause ear pain)
Damage Description:
Multistory wall-bearing buildings will collapse.
Wood frame buildings will almost completely collapse.
Multistory steel-framed office-type buildings will suffer extreme frame distortion, incipient collapse.
Highway truss bridges will collapse.
Highway girder bridges will collapse.
Glass windows will bleep ter.
Cars and trucks will be largely displaced and grossly distorted and will require rebuilding before use.Toyota's will be unaffected
Up to 90 percent of trees blown down; remainder stripped of branches and leaves.
-------------------------------------------------
Preliminary palynology (acid insoluble microfossils), stable isotopes and trace element geochemistry suggest a potential global extinction and recovery event as a result of the 578 Ma Acraman bolide impact. The Acraman Impact structure, centred on a crater at Lake Acraman in the Gawler Craton, South Australia, is one of the largest known in Australia and in the top ten known globally. The bolide diameter was approximately 4.8 km with a collapse crater 85-90 km across, and the ejecta is spread over a radius of greater than 560 km. The estimated impact energy is greater than 106 megatons, which exceeds the threshold for global catastrophe. The Acraman Impact Event occurred just prior to the evolution of animals, which preceded the Cambrian explosion, and is therefore a critical event in the evolution of Earth's biosphere.

Stable isotopes of carbon and sulfur are very sensitive geochemical indicators of global biogenic production in the oceans. For example, the sharp negative to positive shift in carbon isotopes immediately after the Acraman event indicates an increase in marine biogenic productivity, which supports the rapid diversification in marine biota. A further 256 samples from 7 drillholes were collected in September 2002 to deduce the full geochemical nature of the catastrophic event. Dr Grey in collaboration with Professor Malgozata Moczydlowska-Vidal (Uppsala University, Sweden) recently resampled South Australian drill core to refine the acritarch palynology across the interval.

http://www.pir.sa.gov.au/byteserve/minerals/references/mesa_journal/mj_39/mj39_tsunamis_acraman.pdf

gift by Daughter

Lifetime Member
My Profile  My Blog  Send Message

Back Expand Un-Read 0 Moderator

Sponsored Links