Testing Solar panel output to Battery

Hi Everyone
Might be a stupid question but I am new to solar. Can anyone tell me how to test what the amps going into my battery for my solar panel. I have an 80W panel which has a Max Current Output of 4.84 A. It has a 12A regulator attached. So what I want to know is how to test it at the battery with a multimeter to get what Amps is going into the battery. Will I get around 4.8A as a reading and how do I do this. I just need to know about the + and - and where to attach the leads on the Multimeter
Thanks
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Reply By: Member - John and Val - Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 12:09

Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 12:09
Reg,

Be careful ...... There's a very recent post (80904)regarding the problems of running a solar panel to the regulator without the battery being connected - can be expensive.

I would suggest DON'T try to measure the current going into the battery. Rather, measure the current leaving the solar panel, which will be almost identical provided there's no load (fridge, lights etc) running off the battery. Why measure there? In order to measure current with most meters it is necessary to break into the circuit, so that the current being measured can flow through the meter. To measure what's going into the battery would require disconnecting the battery temporarily from the system.

How do you use a meter? See the links to meter tutorials at the bottom of our blogElectricity for Camping

Cheers

John
J and V
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AnswerID: 428261

Follow Up By: Member - John and Val - Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 12:35

Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 12:35
Reg,

A few afterthoughts -

In the above I assume that your controller is NOT an MPPT type. If it is, you may in fact have up to 20% more current flowing into the battery than is leaving the panel. (That should start an argument!!!) With most simple controllers it will be virtually the same.

Important - you must be careful when your meter is set up to measure current. It is good practice NEVER to leave the meter configured to measure current, because if you inadvertently go to measure voltage with the meter set up for current you will almost certainly damage the meter, and maybe other stuff as well. Always return the meter leads and the selector switch to the voltage measuring mode to avoid expensive accidents.

re your questions,

what to expect - in strong sunlight the panel should deliver close to 4.8 amps. As said, depending on the type of controller, that same current will flow into the battery, or with an MPPT controller, up to about 20% more.

meter connections - see the tutorial. Basicly. with the meter set up for current measurement you need to break into one of the leads carrying the current to be measured. The meter is then inserted (electrically) to bridge the gap you've created. (It is a series connection.) Note that this is different from a voltage measurement, where you would connect the meter between 2 wires (a parallel connection). (Again, I'm making an assumption - all this applies to simple meters. There do exist tong meters that have provision to simply clamp onto a wire to measure the current through it, without the need to break the current path and interpose the meter.)

Good luck!

John



J and V
"Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted."
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Reply By: Cruiser 2091 - Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 13:00

Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 13:00
Reg with your meter set to measure amps simply disconnect one lead that goes from the solar panel to the battery Then connect the meter between that solar panel lead and the battery so the current goes through the meter. Thats it. No problems if you connect the meter leads wrong way round the meter will just show - instead of +
AnswerID: 428266

Follow Up By: Polaris - Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 13:24

Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 13:24
Make sure it is on the 10A scale - or you may well BBQ your meter !
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FollowupID: 698974

Reply By: Member - Ian W1 (QLD) - Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 13:30

Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 13:30
Why not buy a current clamp? No disconnecting of anything and no danger of reversing any connections. Clamps are pretty cheap now from Jaycar or DSE and can be very useful around the trailer/home.Cheers
AnswerID: 428267

Reply By: Maîneÿ . . .- Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 14:00

Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 14:00
Reg,
I've set up many solar power systems, I generally insist people use some form of measurement system when setting up their solar power system, so they know what's happening at all times with their solar system.
Without a permanently installed gauge to check the Amperage going to the battery from the regulator you have to disconnect the (+) cable each time, this gets tedious, so why not simply install an Ampere and also Voltage meter?

Image Could Not Be Found
With just the addition of the 2 gauges (above) you can instantly see what's happening with your system, as a bonus as it allows you to adjust the angle of your solar panel for optimum performance.

On days with low white clouds, you will get well above the stated maximum Amperage of your solar panel anyway.

You say; "it has a 12A regulator attached" if you mean the solar regulator is attached to the back of the panel, I would remove it and place it at the battery for more efficient charging regulation.

Photo shows 203 Watt solar power system produces 1OO% of it's rated current, sending just 5 Amps to the battery system.

Image Could Not Be FoundMaîneÿ . . .
AnswerID: 428269

Reply By: wilco318 - Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 20:03

Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 20:03
HI

I use a DC clamp meter to test current on 12 volt circuts at work and, I also use it to check the current output on my solar panels. You will find the angle and direction of the panel makes a huge difference.
AnswerID: 428320

Follow Up By: Ianw - Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 20:24

Tuesday, Aug 24, 2010 at 20:24
Will second this. Easily the easiest way to check DC circuits. Look for a Uni-T 203 or Uni-T 204 on Ebay. (Around $30 to $50)

Ian
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FollowupID: 699035

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