Thursday, Sep 28, 2006 at 22:29
Hi Troop-a-dour
One of the guys mentioned this before but I thought that I would explain why the different types of batteries and why they are required. There are 5 main types of batteries, there are more but these are the most commonly used today.
• Alkaline (just your normal "AA" & "AAA" and "C" size ect)
• NiMh (most common use these days in digital cams)
• Ni-cad (good for kids toys and torches ect)
• Lithium AA non rechargeable (high power long lasting single use, you will have seen the adds on TV)
• Lithium rechargeable (these are supplied with most digital cams these days, a special battery for the type of camera, shaped to fit, it will not work with any other devices but your camera.
All these types of batteries can be put simply into 2 categories for most people to understand what they need for each device.
Alkaline & Ni-cad when used behave in a similar way, both have what is known as voltage drop, put them into a torch when new and the torch shines
bright as they go flat the torch gets dimmer until it goes out.
Lithium rechargeable, Lithium AA non rechargeable and NiMh batteries all have constant voltage output, put simply, place these batteries in a torch and the torch will stay at a similar brightness until near the end of the batteries life when it will just go out.
Lithium rechargeable, Lithium AA non rechargeable and NiMh are the best type of batteries for you digital cameras because they need constant voltage output. If you have ever put normal AA's in you digital camera and only been able to take a few shots before the flat battery
sign comes up, you would think that the batteries are dead, they are not, just put them in a torch and you will find some life left in them. Its just the voltage has dropped below the level required by your camera to operate, they are very hungry little suckers for power these days.
When looking for lithium or NiMh batteries the milli amp hours (1200, 2100, 2400 ect) will be marked on the battery this is an indication of the level of power (amount of shots) the battery has, the more milli amps the more shots you can take, Generally speaking the lithium will have lower marking on the side and will be a smaller battery but will last longer than its NiMh "AA" counter part will. Example a small lithium battery with 1200 mah will probably out last set of 4 "AA" with 2100 mah in a similar camera. The one advantage of the "AA" style of battery has is that in and emergency you can put a normal AA battery in its place if your rechargeable are flat.
So in summary normal "AA's" and Ni-cads are best suited in toys, radios, torches ect, Lithium and NiMh go with your new generation high power devices.
Sorry for the long post but I used to be the National Trainer/Head Photographer for Olympus cameras and when I start talking on these subjects it just keeps flowing.
Thanks, Ben
AnswerID:
197063
Follow Up By: Member - Phil G (SA) - Thursday, Sep 28, 2006 at 23:18
Thursday, Sep 28, 2006 at 23:18
Ben,
I agree with a fair bit of what you say, but Alkalines and NiCads are very different. The voltage discharge curve of the Nicads is very flat so they suddenly die. Alkalines reduce their voltage gradually, so you have warning that they are going flat. Nicads can also deliver much higher current.
NiMH are similar to NiCads in that they have a flat discharge curve, but are less likely to suffer voltage depression from incomplete discharge(so-called "memory effect"). Both can deliver high amps, which makes them more suitable for high current applications.
For torches these days, LED technology is taking over - low power consumption, long battery life means the alkaline will again be the battery of choice. Nicads and NiMH will disappoint because of their higher spontaneous discharge and flat discharge curve (suddenly go flat) in this application.
Cheers
Phil
FollowupID:
455508
Follow Up By: Mike Harding - Friday, Sep 29, 2006 at 06:27
Friday, Sep 29, 2006 at 06:27
Spot on Phil.
Additionally, alkalines have a terminal voltage of 1V5 whereas NiCd/NiMH are 1V2.
Another point about NiMH is that they have a very high self discharge rate so if it's more than a few days since you charged them they will be noticeably down on capacity.
Mike Harding
FollowupID:
455539
Follow Up By: hl - Saturday, Sep 30, 2006 at 07:08
Saturday, Sep 30, 2006 at 07:08
Hi...
And be careful with Nicads in toys. They can supply enough current to make things go up in flames very quickly (as when a motor jams), hence the warning on many toys not to use them.
That is also the reason the higher capacity nicads have a recessed button so the don't work in many applications.
Nimh can not supply nearly as much current when shorted and seem to diminish in current capabilty after just a few cycles.
There is a new type of NiMh made by Sanyo which claims to retain 80% of capacity after 12 months storage.
Cheers
FollowupID:
455713
Follow Up By: Member - Phil G (SA) - Saturday, Sep 30, 2006 at 09:25
Saturday, Sep 30, 2006 at 09:25
Hi hl,
With respect to current,
the gap between Nicads and NiMH has narrowed considerable. My son works in the R/C electric car and plane business, and races them for fun. The sub-C NiMH cells he uses now have unbelievable numbers compared to the NiCAD cells we were using 5-10 years ago. The IR and V are measured at 30amp discharge.
I haven't measured the common AAs though.
FollowupID:
455730
Follow Up By: hl - Saturday, Sep 30, 2006 at 12:29
Saturday, Sep 30, 2006 at 12:29
Hi Phil,
You will find that the commonly available AA's are not nearly as good.
I use them in radios and after a few months and actually not that many cycles, they seem to only manage about 1 or 2 amps when short circuited. I have 10 year old nicads that will do double that!.
This also applies to what I consider good quality cells like Sanyo 2000 and 2300mAh cells.
Nicad cells however, are pretty much on the way out as they are toxic waste when disposed improperly.
Cheers
FollowupID:
455742