UHF Radio

If you are considering a trip into Australia’s vast outback, then a UHF Radio is an important communications device to have. Besides the entertainment value, such as chatting with other travellers, this radio can be a valuable part of your contingency list. This article will provide you with a wealth of info such as: tips on aerials, the channels and what they represent and some features to look out for when buying a UHF Radio.

Why Use a UHF Radio?

UHF radios are an essential tool for safe and reliable communication on the road. They’re perfect for talking between vehicles in a convoy, checking for safe overtaking, or calling out to others nearby if you need help.

While they have a limited range, you can improve performance with a good quality unit and aerial. They’re simple to use, don’t rely on mobile coverage, and are especially useful in remote or outback areas.

Whether you're travelling solo or in a group, a UHF radio helps keep everyone connected and informed.

Essential Guide for Using UHF

Repeaters

A UHF repeater is a radio tower—usually set up on high ground—that helps extend your radio signal over long distances. It picks up your transmission and re-broadcasts it so others further away (like over hills or through valleys) can hear you.

To use a repeater, your radio needs to be set to duplex mode, and you’ll need to transmit on channels 1–8 or 41–48. These are the repeater output channels, and your signal is automatically relayed via a paired input channel (31–38 or 71–78). Just remember—never transmit directly on 31–38 or 71–78, as they’re reserved for repeater input only.

Repeaters are often privately owned and maintained by clubs, farmers, or individuals—so keep your transmissions short and respectful.

UHF CB Radio Channel Guide (Australia)

Here’s a quick breakdown of how UHF CB channels are used:

  • Channels 1–8 & 41–48 – Repeater access (turn on duplex mode)
  • Channels 31–38 & 71–78 – Repeater input only (do not use for talking)
  • Channel 5 & 35 – Emergency only (legally reserved for distress calls)
  • Channel 11 – Call channel (used to contact someone before switching to another channel)
  • Channel 10 – Common in 4WD, national parks, and convoys
  • Channel 18 – Popular with caravanners and holiday convoys
  • Channel 29 – Pacific & Bruce Highways (used by truckies in NSW & QLD)
  • Channel 40 – General highway use, often used by truck drivers
  • Channels 22 & 23 – Data only (no voice allowed)
  • Channels 12–21, 24–30, 39, 49–60, 64–70, 79–80 – General chat (simplex voice use)
  • Channels 61–63 – Reserved for future use

General UHF Radio Information

Telemetry & Telecommand Systems

This technology describes the transmission of data and related information via a certain frequency such as infra red or UHF. By utilising telemetry and telecommand systems via UHF signals, farmers can remotely control the operation and function of various types of equipment such as electric fences, water pumps and dam levels from many kilometres away.

UHF Radio Features

Below is a list of features you should look out for when choosing your UHF Radio. These include technologies such as: Continuous Tone Coded Squelch System (CTCSS), Programmable Scan Function and Overvoltage Protection.
  • Programmable Scan Function - Scans up to 40 user programmable channels with both Group and Open scan functions available

  • Remote or Local Installation Options - This can be mounted either remotely using the separate control head, or locally with the control head attached to the main unit

  • Unique Page/Transpond Mode - Allows you to transfer an incoming Selcall to another radio if your radio is unattended

  • Quiet Mode - Selectable on individual channels, the Quiet mode prevents incoming signals from being heard on selected channels unless preceded by your selcall code

  • Overvoltage Protection - Special overvoltage detection circuitry protects the radio and warns of excessive voltage conditions by flashing the display

  • Extra Channels - EXTRA receive channels available

  • Inbuilt Selcall - Selective Calling with 4 or 5 digit ANI and fully user adjustable 5 tone transmitted Selcall Ident. Some units may allow naming of Ident for easier caller identification

  • User Selectable Priority Channel - Lets you programme your normal working or local repeater channel for instant recall at the press of a button

  • Feature Disabling Function - Allows scanning, squelch, duplex and priority functions to be enabled or disabled to make the radio simpler to operate

  • Individually Programmable Duplex function - User selectable for only those individual channels in your area that have repeaters, leaving the others free for use as extra simplex channels

  • CTCSS Ready - A built-in Continuous Tone Coded Squelch System provides quiet channel operation

UHF Radio Installation

There can be several questions you need to consider when installing UHF Radios such as: where to mount the radio antenna? where to install the UHF radio itself? and how is the co-axial cable terminated? It is possible to do the installation yourself, although it is recommended to seek additional advice from radio and electronic technicians. These professionals can also install the system for you, which will give you peace of mind knowing that it was done correctly. We have provided some information below that may help you based on our own experiences.

UHF Aerial

The general rule of thumb when it comes to antennas is the higher the frequency the smaller the antenna. A good example is the antenna size of a mobile phone, which uses nearly twice the frequency of a UHF Radio. Good antenna performance is important because it can assist your reception and transmission greatly. Antennas are also be made to have gain, which will increase the Effective Radiated Power (ERP) of the CB.

Helical Whip

The wavelength of 477MHz is around 62cm and the length of the antenna is very critical. This is the main reason why many 477MHz “Whips” usually come out of the factory pre-tuned. The most basic type of whip antenna is the quarter wave ground plane, which are about 15cm in length and are made of stainless steel or wire, for more flexibility. These relatively small antennas have a naturally high angle of radiation and are best used in hilly countryside. They work well with repeaters because they are ideal for carrying the signal from a low point such as your vehicle to a high point where the repeater may be situated.

Gain

A 4.5 to 6 dB gain antenna is great for all types of terrain and is suitable for most situations. Gain is measured in decibels (dB) and the higher the gain, the more power can be transmitted. High gain antennas usually have coils wound into the steel or fibreglass rod, increasing the length considerably. The clear advantages are that a 5 watt radio with a 6dB antenna can perform like a 20 watt radio because 6dB results in 4 times more power.

Installation

Most UHF aerials require a ground plane, which means they should be mounted on top of a metal surface. The best spot in this regard would be the centre of your roof. Unfortunately for some people, this may not be a great idea because it could require drilling through the roof for installation. Travellers also prefer to utilise their roof rack space for carrying supplies. If the roof is not on the cards, then other good locations to mount an aerial can include: the roof gutter, side guard or on the bullbar, which is probably the most common.

Mounting the Head & Transceiver

For some units, the in-car mounting will be very easy if the head unit is remote and small, such as in these pictures. Transceivers can be mounted in a hidden position under the dash or in a roof console.

Co-Axial Cable

In all types of UHF antennas, feedline loss can be a constant threat in regards to performance. Bad feedlines can swallow up half or more of your transmitting power and therefore degrading reception. Loss can be determined by length and quality of the feedlines, so the use of thicker co-axial cables over thinner ones is a much better option. Some common cable specifications, each being 50ohm impedance and the loss figures on a 30m run are listed below:
  • RG-58U series including the RG-58C has a loss factor of 13.5dB over 30m

  • RG-213 has a loss factor of 5dB over 30m

Terminating the Co-Axial Cable

If you have never done this before it is really very easy. You will need a soldering iron and a sharp knife such as a Stanley knife or similar. Click on the picture below to see a bigger and clearer shot of the steps involved.

  • A - Carefully cut the black insulation away about 3 cm then cut the outer conductor leaving about 1cm

  • B - Fold back the outer conductor

  • C - Cut the inner insulation about 5 mm from the outer conductor

  • D - Slide some heat shrink and the outer piece of the connector or the entire area, then screw the fitting over the exposed outer conductor

  • F - Solder the inner conductor to the end of the fitting

  • G - Slide up to other parts and screw it together then place the heat shrink over the end and heat it

Testing

If you have a multimeter then set it to Beep or resistance check say 200 Ohm range - remove the antenna from the base and make sure that there is no short circuit (i.e no beep or not 0.00 on the Ohms test).

UHF Radio Considerations

Handheld UHF Radios

Handheld models are also popular with obvious advantages of portable, the high advances in electronic technology and their increased affordability. These CBs range from as little as $40 to over $400 and provide as much functionality as the base station CBs. There are some top end models that have a range of up to 12km with an impressive 5 watts of TX output power. As well as being lightweight, ruggedly built with waterproof construction, these CBs are no toy. These units can be very handy for travellers in a whole range of situations.

Usually sold in sets of 2 handheld units you can lend one unit to another vehicle/person to enable UHF communication in an instant such as in the following scenarios;

  • passenger leaves vehicle to check the track ahead and can use handheld unit to communicate back to the vehicle with information

  • search and resuce situations involving 2 people (or as many handheld units are available) spreading out in different directions used in conjunction with an installed UHF system in a vehicle is an effective and sensible capability you can coordinate if planning a remote trip

  • one party may wish to stay behind at the campsite whilst another member goes boating, fishing, bushwalking etc.
With handhelds UHFs you have an extra level of safety and peace of mind when heading off on solo excursions away from the vehicle, or campsite for minimal cost.

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Created: April 2003
Revised: July 2025
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