Wednesday, Nov 05, 2008 at 09:49
Hi John,
I would not comment on all LSD – frankly there is common consensus that Nissan’s one is far better then Toyota’s one. However I did have LC80 with LSD up until I have fit ARB diff-lockers. LC80’s LSD (and AFAIK all Toyota’s ones, though I may be wrong on this point) is clutch-type spring-preload LSD. It means that there is multi-disk clutch fitted between left and right half-axels. This clutch is pre-load with strong spring calibrated in such way that when RPM of half-axles differs a little (i.e. cornering) it “slips” allows one wheel travel faster than other. But when RPM of half-axels differs more it does not slip that
well anymore and divert some torque to wheel with less RPM (i.e. those one that not rotating and have traction). Basically from there it calls “limited slip differential”.
LSD is good device and doing job
well in “non-extreme” situation. However it does have own limitations. Firstly because it “limited slip” it must occur some slip before it start to send torque to wheel with traction; this dumb mechanical device newer can distinguish what you are doing –cornering or trying to get out of bog hole. Secondly it *CANNOT* send 100% torque to wheel with traction, again because it is “limited slip”. And last, but not least being clutch-type related on friction it does wear out and with time its effectiveness decrease dramatically up to the point that it doing nothing. Then diff must be overhauled, possibly clutch plates and/or spring replaced and pre-load need to be recalibrated.
It modern cars like Prado fitted with traction control same effect can be achieved by electronic means. When computer sense that one wheel rotating faster then other AND steering wheel straight that it applies brakes to offensive wheel thus sending 100% of torque to wheel with traction. This system better then LSD, though it’s activation can be jerky.
IMHO diff-locks are ultimate traction aid because once locked it send 100% torque to both
wheels without any slips or jerkiness. Sure they also have disadvantages like cost, necessity of manual interference and in some instances wear components (like ARB’s o-ring for example) that require some periodic maintenance. Also there are many “in-between” automatic solutions like Lokka or Detroit auto-locking diff. There been a lot of fruitless debated what is better. IMHO it came down to the point of one’s preference, driving style and expected harshness of application. I personally in general like manual, hate automatic and as result incredibly happy with my manual diff-lockers, though would prefer Toyota’s ones. As usual choice is yours and YMMV.
Cheers
Serg
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